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2008/1-2 (17)
Special issue 'Classicism'
Edited by Juhan Maiste
Contents
Juhan Maiste. Classicism and Truth
> 12-13
<
Articles
Kadi Polli. über Klassizismus als Stilbegriff in der Bildenden Kunst
17-38;
>
Summary 35-38 <
This article 'Classicism as a notion of style in figurative art' discusses the
usage of the style notion 'classicism' as a general denominator in art at the
turn of the 18th-19th centuries and emphasises the enlightening character of
the period. Taking landscape painting as an example, the author examines Baltic
art at the turn of the centuries. Baltic art's dilettante, true-to nature
qualities, which valued local heritage and sights, perfectly correspond to the
European idea of enlightenment, but do not quite reach the high definitions of
classicism.
Krista Kodres. Place of Worship as a Temple and Regulated Structure.
A. W. Hupel as an architectural appraiser
39-55;
>
Summary 52-55 <
This article analyses the architectural ideals of the pastor August Wilhlem
Hupel (1737-1819), a prominent representative of Livonian enlightenment, in
their connections with historical-theological and aesthetic notions of
architecture. Hupel did not emphasise Martin Luther's idea of the church
as a space regulated according to social status; instead he preferred the
requirements of architectural order and clarity that rely on the normative
aesthetics of classicism and embody 'gute Geschmack'. The temple fa?ade of
Vaivara church, built in 1775-77 (destroyed in 1944), exactly corresponds
to both the theological symbolism as well as the architectural ideal of the
era, being the first of its kind in Estonia.
Epi Tohvri. About the Expression of Masonic Ideas in the Estonian Architecture
Scene in the Late 18th and Early 19th Centuries
56-86;
>
Summary 83-86 <
Connection between Freemasonry and Palladianism. Iconography between
Freemasonry and architecture. Dessau Philantropin school and impact on
Estonian and Livonia manor culture and on park design. Typical portrait
of a Freemason of the Enlightenment era - Otto Friedrich von Pistohlkors
and his Palladianistic manor house Rutikvere.
Mariann Raisma. Musée ideale.
Dreaming of a Perfect Museum
87-110;
>
Summary 108-110 <
Mass musealisation of our heritage, where museums represent just one of the
outputs, began during the Enlightenment. This work discusses the 18th-19th
century dream of a perfect museum on three levels: in form or architecture,
in the context of the museum collection's entirety, and from the viewpoint of
heritage availability. Reflections of these ideas can be seen in the heritage
culture of both the previous century and the current.
Mart Kivimäe. Von Winckelmann zu Marx und Engels. Kulturelle Toleranz
als ein Problem der ästhetischen Beziehungen zwischen Klassizismus und
Historismus: der Fall Lifschitz
111-158;
>
Zusammenfassung 156-158 <
This article 'From Winckelmann to Marx and Engels: Cultural tolerance as a problem of
aesthetic relations between historicism and classicism: the case of Lifshits' examines
a significant aesthetic dimension of the neo-Marxist politics of history,
the struggle against historical relativism (the 'eclecticist pluralism') in the
modern treatment of art and culture. The author focuses on the Marxism on
'classicistic grounds' of Mikhail Lifshits (1905-1983), primarily on his
reception of Winckelmann and its aesthetic and political contexts. In his
primarily historicist-theoretical approach, the author presents well-justified
criticism of Lifshits, and also stresses the historiographic need for a more
objective picture of Lifshits, including his relations with the leading Marxist
aesthetician György Luk?cs (1885-1971), who became his friend. This is a
critical examination focusing on Stalinist-era Russia, which influenced the
Baltic culture of remembrance, where the names of Winckelmann and Lifshits
remain connected as a sign of a historical period of aesthetics.
Chronicle 1.01.-31.12.2007
159-166
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